Awareness and Attitude of Diabetic Patients toward Insulin Therapy in Sulaymaniyah City-Iraq

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, with a continuously increasing incidence. Insulin therapy remains a cornerstone in the management of diabetic patients. However, inadequate knowledge about insulin use may negatively influence patients’ acceptance and adherence. Therefore, improving patients’ knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) is essential for achieving optimal glycemic control and reducing the risk of complications. Objectives: To assess the awareness and attitudes of diabetic patients toward insulin therapy. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2023 and February 2024 at the Diabetic Center in Sulaymaniyah City. A total of 103 diabetic patients were enrolled. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured, paper-based questionnaire designed to evaluate patients’ awareness and attitudes toward insulin therapy. Results: Among the 103 participants, 65% were female. Younger patients demonstrated higher levels of awareness compared to older patients, particularly regarding the common side effects of insulin. Male participants showed greater confidence in insulin self-administration compared to females (100% vs. 64%). Overall, awareness and attitudes toward insulin therapy were found to be at an acceptable level. Conclusions: The study revealed a generally acceptable level of awareness and a favorable attitude toward insulin therapy among diabetic patients. Nevertheless, there is a need for targeted educational interventions and continuous patient–healthcare provider communication to further improve patients’ knowledge and optimize diabetes management outcomes.