High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I for Exploring the Importance of Diagnostic Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Myocardial infarction (MI) ranks among the top injuries in morbidity and mortality globally, demanding prompt and efficient methods for diagnosis. Using high-sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) assays" has greatly improved the MI diagnosis by identifying myocardial injury much earlier than standard assays. The purpose of the review was to investigate the diagnostic value of hs-cTnI in MI and its benefits over ordinary troponin assays, clinical applications, challenges, and prospects in cardiovascular diagnostics. A thorough analysis of the literature dealing with hs-cTnI assays, as well as their clinical effectiveness, sensitivity, specificity, and use in diverse patient populations was performed. The focus of the analysis is on comparative studies, biomarker performance evaluation, and new diagnostic protocol development. Hs-cTnI assays enhance the diagnosis of MI by detecting cardiac troponin at lower concentrations, which allows for timely intervention and risk stratification. This distinguishes MI from other cardiac and non-cardiac problems and is very useful in special populations like the elderly, women, and patients with chronic kidney disease. hs-cTnI tests have shown considerable challenges like the degree of standardization of the assay and false positive results in non-ischemic circumstances. Because it permits more accurate and timely MI notifications, the integration of hs-cTnI assays into clinical practice aids in the accurate and timely detection of troponin myocardial injury. Clinical cut-off diagnostic values as well as AI-based predictive analysis and quantities interpretation-dependent variability need more optimized values in future research.